Adult Learning Theory on Healthcare Organizations Free Essays

Healthcare organizations need regular updates on their instructional designs on their employees and staff. This instructional designs or curriculums are much needed to inform the manpower of the organization on recent developments on technologies and applications on cases and situations, new regulations needed to be implemented or any other pertinent information for the organization’s and its staff’s needs to know. However, the method of educating the staff, whom majority are already on their adult stage, should be effective for them, and for the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Learning Theory on Healthcare Organizations or any similar topic only for you Order Now One applicable theory on educating the adult is Malcolm Knowles’ theory of andragogy. Â  It outlines effective methodologies for adult learning. On his theory, adults need to know why they should learn. On this case, the educator or administrator of the organization should make it a point that the staff understood the importance of the new information they should learn. Moreover, adults tend to ask when and where they will be able to use their new learning on real-life situations. Again, the educator should explain that the series of discussions to be made is for their self-improvement inside the organization towards the company’s goal and vision. Finally, adult learners should be well motivated on their new experience and learning. Incentives such as increased, self-esteem, job satisfaction and quality of life are significant in giving adults a basis to learn. Â  The various methodologies on adult learning and adult education are important for every educator. They should be also be knowledgeable on different approaches and techniques on educating an adult. Knowles’ theory is imperative for an educator developing an educational program so that we can address the consistent growing demands of adult education. Reference Holton, E. F., Swanson, D. A., Knowles, M. S. (2005). The Adult Learner. Butterworth-Heinemann How to cite Adult Learning Theory on Healthcare Organizations, Essays

Leadership and Organizational Studies

Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Organizational Studies. Answer: Introduction The given report highlights the importance of strategic analysis for the modern organizations. The current business environment has witnessed a higher level of competition among business firms. Internal analysis is the process of reviewing the strength, weakness, threat and opportunities of an organization. It is the process by which the specific characteristics of the organization such as capabilities, resources and the core competencies can be identified. Identification of Resources and Competencies of Telstra Corporation limited The sustainable competitive advantages of Telstra are it is the largest telecommunication provider in Australia, it has huge and continuously growing customer base, it provides latest technologies like cloud computing and it provides high quality and excellent customer services (Telstra.com.au, 2017). These capabilities of the firm are considered as competitive advantages as these factors help the organization to retain the existing customers and to earn new potential customers by providing them with advanced technologies and satisfactory customer services. Therefore, this results into increased revenue as well as increased profit of the firm. The capabilities of the firm Telstra Corporation Limited are whether capable or not to create business advantages can be better understood through VRIO analysis and Value chain analysis. VRIO Analysis of Telstra Corporation Limited Resource or Capability Valuable Rare Inimitable and Non-substitutable Organized to Exploit Impact on Competitive Advantage Largest Telecommunication provider in Australia Yes Yes Yes Yes Realized sustainable competitive advantage Huge and Continuously Growing Customer Base Yes No No Yes Realized Competitive Parity Provides Latest Technologies (Cloud Technology) Yes Yes Yes Yes Realized sustainable competitive advantage High-quality and Excellent Customer Service Yes No Yes Yes Realized Temporary Competitive Advantage Value Chain Analysis of Telstra Corporation Limited The above figure indicates that the infrastructure of Telstra Corporation Limited is well developed and has good human resource management. Thus, the employees provide satisfactory customer services to its clients. Moreover, the company plays a leading role in the market of Australia, thus, it is eligible for providing modern or latest technologies to its clients. Therefore, it can be said that the modern technologies help the firm to attract more customers and to retain the existing ones. All these mentioned factors are considered as support activities as these support the firm to run systematically and accurately. On the other hand, the primary activities of Telstra Corporation Limited are inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing and service and support. The inbound logistics of Telstra Corporation Limited include collection service and self return, operations of the firm include customer visit, product quality, order fulfilment and quality expectatio ns. The outbound logistics of Telstra Corporation include ordering, fulfilment of order, emergency load, delivery on time, pick up of customers, management of transaction and management of inventory of the firm (Telstra.com.au, 2017). The marketing and sales of the firm include proper management of account, proper pricing strategy and structure, invoicing and understanding the demand of the customers. Moreover, the firm Telstra provides satisfactory services to its customers and thus customer survey is performed in order to meet the demand of the customers. Justification of the Competitive Advantages On the basis of the VRIO analysis, it can be said that the capabilities of Telstra like largest telecommunication provider in the world and providing latest technologies are considered as sustainable competitive advantage, whereas, the capability like Huge and Continuously Growing Customer Base is considered as competitive parity. On the other hand, the capability of Telstra likes high quality and excellent customer service acts as temporary competitive advantage of the firm. The reason behind this can be better understood from the above-mentioned VRIO Analysis. On the other hand, based on the value chain analysis, it can be said that the particular firm meets the customer demand and provides value to the customers; moreover, both the support as well as primary activities indicate that the mentioned capabilities act as sustainable competitive advantages of Telstra Corporation Limited (Telstra.com.au, 2017). Internal analysis: While conducting the internal analysis, it is essential to look at the elements such as the visions, mission and strategic objectives of the Telstra Corporation limited. Internal analysis of Telstra Corporation limited is performed by conducting the SWOT analysis, which makes the systematic evaluation of internal key features of the company. The internal analysis of Telstra Corporation limited helps in analysing the strategic factors, which is company specific. Conducting internal analysis helps in evaluating core competencies (Barney Hesterly, 2015). SWOT analysis of Telstra Corporation Limited: Strength: Telstra is one of the leading telecommunication and information service provider in Australia (Rothschild et al., 2012). It has an expanding operating margin and has a wide range of portfolio of service. Telstra enjoys a strong customer service base. The reduced labour cost is another strength. Although, Telstra is experiencing a slower growth, Telstra has made record in the retail business board. It enjoys a strong market position and the company is improving its competitive position by launching new services in the market (Dess et al., 2013). Weakness: Liquidity position of the company is limited and its market segment is extremely tough, which is indicative of the fact that it has limited market share. Telstra has higher price for its broadband and mobile phones, relative to its competitors such as Optus. The growth prospects of Telstra is limited due to its lack of initiative to diversify internationally. Telstra has been focusing on the post-paid mobile phone plans rather than on the pre-paid. The reduction of the expenses on the fixed line advertising is another weakness of the company (Hill et al., 2014). Opportunities: The demand for telecom services is ever rising and the market of IT service is growing at faster pace. This would provide Telstra with the opportunity to grow and prosper. Investment opportunity is provided by the Telstra venture in the breakthrough companies. The strategies of Telstra would provide it with high growth opportunities. This venturing would provide investment leadership to the future of Telstra (Hitt et al., 2012). The customers are provided with new products and services with the help of its leveraged assets. Threat: The increased competition and rapid changes in technology pose threat to the existence of Telstra Corporation. In the near term, the regulatory environment can affect the operating performance of Telstra. The declining profitability and the growing competition in the telecom market is likely to influence the performance of the company. Due to the changing behaviour of the customers, Telstra has found it increasingly difficult to cope up with new customers. The regulations have been a threat to the company such as the mandated access of ACCC to the local network of Telstra by the issuance of the local loop unbundling has been responsible for making the competition fierce in the telecom market of Australia (Mellahi Frynas, 2015). Issues in internal environment of Telstra: The company has been distinguished by highly competitive market and it is struggling with increasing cost of operation, development and mature market and production as well. Concerning the decision-making in the company, it faces the management issues. The issue relates to the recognition of different strategies that would enable the company to help in maintaining the competitive position. The issues concerning the strategic analysis is in relation to the identified weakness, strength and opportunities. Issues are regarding the recapturing of the customers who have switch to other service providers. The customers needs to be provided with the lower priced products (Morden, 2016). Adaption of the company to the newly advanced technology has been slow, and because of which the customers are not provided with the best products and services. The internal customers that are employees influence the performance of the business. Culture of the business is not supporting the ongoing trend in the telecommunication business. Considering all the issues in the internal environment of Telstra, it should facilitate deployment of networks of next generation mobile. It should also ensures that customers have continued access to the services provided (Rothaermel, 2015). Issues in external environment of Telstra: There is lack of flexibility in terms of adapting what the company in the evolving market conditions offers. The company has not been able to keep pace with the developing trends. The external environment has affected the networking of the Telstra. There is lack of services provided to the customers. The competitors of Telstra have been offering the same products and services at the price, which is lower than Telstra. The issues are related to the Telstra external environment. Moreover, there is a lack of effective strategies regarding the business process of telecommunication. Telstra has been facing the sustainability issues, which is relevant to the existence of the business. There is the growing issues of e waste, which needs to be handled in a coordinated and holistic manner. It also has been facing the compliance issues with the legislations that affected the local network of the company. This has made fierce competition in the telecommunication market. Telstra lacks internatio nal harmonization, which acts as hindrance to the development and growth of Telstra. The support tools of the company has faced the common problems. The service interruptions is complex and this affects the large events and localised events (Stead Stead, 2013). Recommendations: Telstra needs to widen its brand portfolio. It should offer more plans in terms of mobile plans. This is so because it will help in catering the different demographics of their customers. It is recommended that Telstra should come up with the personalize application, which would enable the customers to get all the latest updates, news and promotion. Telstra should come up with plan that will offer better value to the customers. In order to implement the effective marketing strategies, Telstra should transform its corporate culture. It should also improve the public relations by serving the customers in a better way. The information about the new products should be updated and the broadband capabilities should be developed. There is also need on part of company to realize the benefits of harmonization, when it intends to expand internationally. Conclusion: The SWOT analysis of Telstra has provided a comprehensive insight into the internal factures of company. It can be concluded from the above analysis that Telstra has few direct competitors. It is likely in the future that the untapped market of Telstra would introduce Telstra to its core competitors. The market growth of the company would be enhanced due to the growing technological innovations. Nonetheless, this trend is consider as the major input to the business continuity. Telstra needs to provide the customers with the better products and services. For this, the company needs to continue research and development. Reference: Barney, J. B., Hesterly, W. (2015).Strategic management and competitive advantage concepts and cases. Pearson. Dess, G. G., Peng, M. W., Lei, D. (2013). Strategic Management Current Issues and Future Directions.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,20(4), 373-374. Eden, C., Ackermann, F. (2013).Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2012).Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Mellahi, K., Frynas, G. (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press. Morden, T. (2016).Principles of strategic management. Routledge. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Rothschild, A. A., JBWere, G. S., Bank, U. I. (2012). Telstra Corporation Limited. Stead, J. G., Stead, W. E. (2013).Sustainable strategic management. ME Sharpe. Telstra.com.au. (2017).Telstra.com.au. Retrieved 4 January 2017, from https://www.telstra.com.au

Average ACT Scores by State (Most Recent)

Average ACT Scores by State (Most Recent) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Did you recently get your ACT scores back and are now wondering how your score compares with those of other test takers in your state? Or perhaps you're curious as to how your state’s average ACT score stacks up against other state averages. For this article, we compiled the average ACT scores by state, as well as the average in each subject area, using the latest data from ACT, Inc. Read on to learn how your state's SAT data- and your ACT score- compares with the averages in the rest of the country. What's the National Average ACT Score? Nearly two million students nationwide took the ACT in 2017/18- 1.91 million, to be precise. Out of all of those tests, the national average scores came out as follows: ACT Section Average Score English 20.2 Math 20.5 Reading 21.3 Science 20.7 Composite 20.8 Source: ACT National Profile Report 2018 Remember that each ACT section, and the overall composite score, are scored between 1 and 36. This means that if you get a composite score of 21 or higher, you will beat half the other high school students in the country.If you get significantly higher than 21, you will have beaten out a majority of test takers. Likewise, if you get lower than 21, a majority of test takers will have beaten out you. But what about the ACT averages in your state specifically? Read on to learn how well you have to do on the exam to be considered above average in your home state. All Average ACT Scores by State (2017) The following table containsall ACT state averages for the class of2017(the most recent data available). We've also included state participation rates to give you an idea of the reach of the ACT in each state and the size of the population being tested. State Participation English Math Reading Science Composite Alabama 100% 18.9 18.4 19.7 19.4 19.2 Alaska 65% 18.7 19.8 20.4 19.9 19.8 Arizona 62% 18.6 19.8 20.1 19.8 19.7 Arkansas 100% 18.9 19.0 19.7 19.5 19.4 California 31% 22.5 22.7 23.1 22.2 22.8 Colorado 100% 20.1 20.3 21.2 20.9 20.8 Connecticut 31% 25.5 24.6 25.6 24.6 25.2 Delaware 18% 24.1 23.4 24.8 23.6 24.1 District of Columbia 32% 24.4 23.5 24.9 23.5 24.2 Florida 73% 19.0 19.4 21.0 19.4 19.8 Georgia 55% 21.0 20.9 22.0 21.3 21.4 Hawaii 90% 17.8 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.0 Idaho 38% 21.9 21.8 23.0 22.1 22.3 Illinois 93% 21.0 21.2 21.6 21.3 21.4 Indiana 35% 22.0 22.4 23.2 22.3 22.6 Iowa 67% 21.2 21.3 22.6 22.1 21.9 Kansas 73% 21.1 21.3 22.3 21.7 21.7 Kentucky 100% 19.6 19.4 20.5 20.1 20.0 Louisiana 100% 19.4 18.8 19.8 19.6 19.5 Maine 8% 24.2 24.0 24.8 23.7 24.3 Maryland 28% 23.3 23.1 24.2 23.2 23.6 Massachusetts 29% 25.4 25.3 25.9 24.7 25.4 Michigan 29% 24.1 23.7 24.5 23.8 24.1 Minnesota 100% 20.4 21.5 21.8 21.6 21.5 Mississippi 100% 18.2 18.1 18.8 18.8 18.6 Missouri 100% 19.8 19.9 20.8 20.5 20.4 Montana 100% 19.0 20.2 21.0 20.5 20.3 Nebraska 84% 20.9 20.9 21.9 21.5 21.4 Nevada 100% 16.3 18.0 18.1 18.2 17.8 New Hampshire 18% 25.4 25.1 26.0 24.9 25.5 New Jersey 34% 23.8 23.8 24.1 23.2 23.9 New Mexico 66% 18.6 19.4 20.4 20.0 19.7 New York 31% 23.8 24.0 24.6 23.9 24.2 North Carolina 100% 17.8 19.3 19.6 19.3 19.1 North Dakota 98% 19.0 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.3 Ohio 75% 21.2 21.6 22.5 22.0 22.0 Oklahoma 100% 18.5 18.8 20.1 19.6 19.4 Oregon 40% 21.2 21.5 22.4 21.7 21.8 Pennsylvania 23% 23.4 23.4 24.2 23.3 23.7 Rhode Island 21% 24.0 23.3 24.7 23.4 24.0 South Carolina 100% 17.5 18.6 19.1 18.9 18.7 South Dakota 80% 20.7 21.5 22.3 22.0 21.8 Tennessee 100% 19.5 19.2 20.1 19.9 19.8 Texas 45% 19.5 20.7 21.1 20.9 20.7 Utah 100% 19.5 19.9 20.8 20.6 20.3 Vermont 29% 23.3 23.1 24.4 23.2 23.6 Virginia 29% 23.5 23.3 24.6 23.5 23.8 Washington 29% 20.9 21.9 22.1 22.0 21.9 West Virginia 69% 20.0 19.4 21.2 20.5 20.4 Wisconsin 100% 19.7 20.4 20.6 20.9 20.5 Wyoming 100% 19.4 19.8 20.8 20.6 20.2 National 60% 20.3 20.7 21.4 21.0 21.0 Source:ACT College Career Readiness 2017 ACT Averages by State: Hall of Fame Now that you've had a chance to skim the list of state ACT averages, we thought it would be fun to highlight the highs and lows of the United States' ACT performance. See if your state made the cut below! Highest ACT State Score: New Hampshire New Hampshire narrowly achieved the highest score in the country, with an average composite of 25.5, just above Massachusetts (25.4) and Connecticut (25.2). †¦ and your high ACT score! However, it should be noted thatthese three states have relatively low ACT participation: 18% for New Hampshire, 29% for Massachusetts, and 31% for Connecticut. This is because the SAT is more popular in these states. So what does this data mean? Ultimately, it suggests that those taking the ACT in these states are ambitious, college-bound students looking to improve their applications, which would make for a higher average ACT score. Team Players: 100% ACT Participation There are 17 states with 100% ACT participation- that's 34% of the country! These states have made the ACT a mandatory part of their statewide testing regimens, helping high school students be better prepared for their college applications. Alabama Arkansas Colorado Kentucky Louisiana Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nevada North Carolina Oklahoma South Carolina Tennessee Utah Wisconsin Wyoming Highest ACT State Score With 100% Participation: Minnesota As you know, 17 states currently have 100% ACT participation. The state with the highest average score out of this group has a lot to be proud of because that average represents the entire high school population of that state. So who wins? Minnesota, with a 21.5 average composite score. The runner-up is Colorado with a 20.8 average composite, and Wisconsin is inthird with a 20.5 composite average. Lowest Participation: Maine Maine wins this one by a landslide, with just 8% of its students taking the ACT. This is likely because the SAT is still the test of choice in that northeastern state. However, the SAT, which was once required in Maine, is now optional as well. ACT-free, it would appear. Lowest ACT State Score: Nevada Nevada earns the dubious honor of getting the lowest average ACT score, with an average composite of 17.8. This low average is likely due to the fact that Nevada only recently began to mandate statewide ACT testing starting in 2016. In general, big jumps in test takers often result in lower averages. As such, this new average is noticeably lower thanNevada's 2015 average of 21, back when just some students took the ACT. As the ACT becomes a staple of Nevada's state testing regimen, averages will likely increase. Key Takeaways: Average ACT Scores by State As you can see, the average ACT score can change pretty dramatically depending on which state you're looking at. Nationally, the average composite ACT score is21- but many states' averages are higher or lower than this. In general, states with 100% participation rates (i.e., states that require the ACT) tend to havelower averages,whereas states with low participation rates tend to havehigher averages. In terms of notable states, here's a quick wrap-up of the ACT "awards" we gave above: Highest ACT State Score: New Hampshire (25.5 average) Team Players: 100% ACT Participation Alabama Arkansas Colorado Kentucky Louisiana Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nevada North Carolina Oklahoma South Carolina Tennessee Utah Wisconsin Wyoming Highest ACT State Score With 100% Participation: Minnesota (21.5 average) Lowest ACT State Score: Nevada (17.8 average) If you're ever curious what ACT score you need to aim for to be considered above average for your state, simply come back to this page, check the chart, and see whether your state made our Hall of Fame! What’s Next? Want more context for your ACT score? Learn more about the national ACT average score and ACT score percentiles. What ACT scores are considered good by various colleges?Check out our guide to developing a target ACT score based on the schools you want to apply to. Wondering about what your composite ACT score represents in terms of right and wrong answers?Learn the ins and outs of ACT scoringand get tips to help you use this info to your advantage. Trying to maximize your ACT score? Avoid this common ACT mistake to improve your composite. Also,check out our top strategies to raise your ACT essay score. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Loanwords From French, German, Latin, and Spanish

Loanwords From French, German, Latin, and Spanish On the eve of the First World War, an editorial in the Berlin Deutsche Tageszeitung argued that the German language, coming direct from the hand of God, should be imposed on men of all colors and nationalities. The alternative, the newspaper said, was unthinkable: Should the English language be victorious and become the world language the culture of mankind will stand before a closed door and the death knell will sound for civilization. . . .English, the bastard tongue of the canting island pirates, must be swept from the place it has usurped and forced back into the remotest corners of Britain until it has returned to its original elements of an insignificant pirate dialect.(quoted by James William White in A Primer of the War for Americans. John C. Winston Company, 1914) This sabre-rattling reference to English as the bastard tongue was hardly original. Three centuries earlier, the headmaster of St. Pauls School in London, Alexander Gil, wrote that since the time of Chaucer the English language had been defiled and corrupted by the importation of Latin and French words: [T]oday we are, for the most part, Englishmen not speaking English and not understood by English ears. Nor are we satisfied with having begotten this illegitimate progeny, nourished this monster, but we have exiled that which was legitimateour birthrightpleasant in expression, and acknowledged by our forefathers. O cruel country!(from Logonomia Anglica, 1619, quoted by Seth Lerer in Inventing English: A Portable History of the Language. Columbia University Press, 2007) Not everyone agreed. Thomas De Quincey, for example, regarded such efforts to malign the English language as the blindest of human follies: The peculiar, and without exaggeration we may say the providential, felicity of the English language has been made its capital reproachthat, whilst yet ductile and capable of new impressions, it received a fresh and large infusion of alien wealth. It is, say the imbecile, a bastard language, a hybrid language, and so forth. . . . It is time to have done with these follies. Let us open our eyes to our own advantages.(The English Language, Blackwoods Edinburgh Magazine, April 1839) In our own time, as suggested by the title of John McWhorters recently published linguistic history*, were more likely to boast about our magnificent bastard tongue. English has unashamedly borrowed words from more than 300 other languages, and (to shift metaphors) theres no sign that it plans to close its lexical borders any time soon. French Loan Words Over the years, the English language has borrowed a great number of French words and expressions. Some of this vocabulary has been so completely absorbed by English that speakers might not realize its origins. Other words and expressions have retained their Frenchnessa certain je ne sais quoi which speakers tend to be much more aware of (although this awareness does not usually extend to actually pronouncing the word in French).   German Loan Words in English English has borrowed many words from German. Some of those words have become a natural part of everyday English vocabulary (angst, kindergarten, sauerkraut), while others are primarily intellectual, literary, scientific (Waldsterben, Weltanschauung, Zeitgeist), or used in special areas, such as gestalt in psychology, or aufeis and loess in geology. Some of these German words are used in English because there is no true English equivalent: gemà ¼tlich, schadenfreude. Latin Words and Expressions in English Just because our English language doesnt come from Latin doesnt mean all our words have a Germanic origin. Clearly, some words and expressions are Latin, like ad hoc. Others, e.g., habitat, circulate so freely that were not aware theyre Latin. Some came into English when Francophone Normans invaded Britain in 1066. Others, borrowed from Latin, have been modified. Spanish Words Become Our Own Many Spanish loanwords have entered the English vocabulary. As noted, some of them were adopted into the Spanish language from elsewhere before they were passed on to English. Although most of them retain the spelling and even (more or less) the pronunciation of Spanish, they are all recognized as English words by at least one reference source.

Mysterious mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mysterious mythology - Essay Example According to the myth, the brave hero Marduk kills a human embodiment of Tiamat and builds a new Universe. "First, he splits Tiamat's fallen body into two parts. With one half of her body, he creates the visible heavens; the other half he secures in the Underworld with a bolt, so that her waters cannot escape" (Alford, 2005). Then, Marduk constructs Heaven and organizes new constellations. Thus, the main scenario is following : 'The Order struggled the Chaos and won the right to possess Unviverse". The personification of the Order is an immortal hero, who is able to construct as well as destruct, so on the ruins of Chaotic Universe he builds a new one, which follows his strict rules and fits his scheme. It is important to mention that the myth also refers to an archetype of rebirth, since the body of fallen Apsu-Tiamat was used to create a new universe. Egyptian creation myth has many similarities, even though it is geocentric and narrates about the 'old Earth' which turned to chaotic state, since it existed between death and living. The character of the Great God frees the Earth from its body - and takes up, to the skies. "At the same time, the proto-earth gathers itself together, rises up from the watery abyss, splits open, and ejects the primeval matter from which the sky-ocean, the stars, the Sun, and the Moon will be born. This is the myth of the separation of the heavens from the earth" (Alford, 2005). The separation is followed by creation of upper and underworlds, heaven and stars. That is to say, the myth is connected with cataclysm, and the creation provides an understanding that ancient Egyptians adored Sun and prayed for its 'rebirth' (sunrise) to the Great God daily. Furthermore, the myth reflects the belief of supernatural power of Moon (which changes its position and size), starts and the Nile River, which influenced agriculture a lot. All of these usual, frequent events of nature were a continuous reminder of the power of new beginning which follows the death. The embodiment of Chaos in Egyptian mythology is a 'proto-Earth' which was destructed by the new order and renewed by the constructive power of Highest Deity.Ancient Greeks worshipped the Sun, the Moon and Olympic gods who easily controlled natural powers. While the adoration of the Sun and the Moon is traditional for ancient religions, the adoration of a special Olymplic race of gods has great meaning for the whole system of religion. The Greek creation also starts with cataclysms, which follow one another as well as generations of the proto-gods, and new gods had been replacing older deities until the world was created. Olympian gods represented natural forces in Greek mythology and there were gods of light, darkness, fertility, life, death, who participated in the creation of mankind. Thus, in ancient Greeks as an agricultural civiliz ation, focused on the natural forces as the main determinants of creation. Furthermore, the element of 'Chaos vs. Order struggle' is presented in an idea of chaotically changing generations of gods and titans, who finally came to a certain consent and constructed our planet.To my view, these three myths explain global cataclysm, which lead

TPP-Pacific Trade Partnership and International Business Research Paper - 1

TPP-Pacific Trade Partnership and International Business - Research Paper Example Trans-Pacific Partnership is also of great interest because of its ambition to extend well beyond the limits of trade and trade policy including other different issues that affects trade agreements. The common issues that are likely to affect TPP are linked to the ambition of TPP to go beyond the limits of trade and its policies including trade in services, intellectual property, and technical barriers to trade. Supply chain complication has been cited as a major challenge likely to face Trans-Pacific partnership especially in this era of global business and cross enterprise collaboration. As stated by Inkyo et al (145), the Supply chain conference held in 2003 had cited development in the digital economy such as cloud computing, green growth and inadequate approaches to ensuring competitive business environment as some of the major challenges that are likely to face TPP. However, according to Deardorff (5), TPP is creating a framework to deal with all concerns and that could be the reason for the long time negotiations. The areas of negations in the Trans-Pacific Partnership include services and investments and other barriers to trade include in services, goods and investments, capacity building, government procurement, custom rules, labor, phytosanitary standards, e-commerce, telecommunications, intellectual property and technical barriers to trade. Researchers and economists have cited a lot of implications of what has been described as â€Å"spaghetti or noodle bowl† problem of overlapping preferential trade agreements (PTA) at the beginning of the year 2012, the world trade organization had reported more than 319 agreements that were already on force. According to Inkyo et al (147), each agreement signed between two or more countries continue to complicate and increases the complexity of the global trading system. The new PTA, Trans-Pacific Partnership that is currently under

Market-Led Strategic Change at Tesco plc Research Paper

Market-Led Strategic Change at Tesco plc - Research Paper Example The second applies the analysis to Tesco plc, providing relevant examples. Companies develop marketing plans to know how it should direct its efforts towards bringing a particular product or brand to market. The plan acts as a roadmap, a set of guidelines to ensure success, and contains an analysis of the target market, the marketing objectives, and the marketing mix, which explains in detail the selected strategy for the product, its promotion, distribution, and price (Cohen, 1995). The quality of a marketing plan depends on the assumptions it makes about the customers and the basis for those assumptions, how the marketing objectives are defined, and how the marketing mix are analysed; above all, how it is put into action (Shark, 1994). Traditional literature on marketing programmes and actions such as by Wind and Claycamp (1976) identified the development of product policies (brand, quality, and value) as the most critical element of a marketing plan because this is how companies can engage customers and meet their needs. As Peter and Donnelly (1997, p. 127) observed: "developing new products is the lifeblood of successful business firms". Crawford (1994, p.9-11) categorised "new products" as follows: new to the world (inventions), new for the firm, additions to product lines, product improvements, and repositioning (retargeting for new use or application). Major changes in the marketplace, media and communications, ... elopment of product policies (brand, quality, and value) as the most critical element of a marketing plan because this is how companies can engage customers and meet their needs. As Peter and Donnelly (1997, p. 127) observed: "developing new products is the lifeblood of successful business firms". Crawford (1994, p.9-11) categorised "new products" as follows: new to the world (inventions), new for the firm, additions to product lines, product improvements, and repositioning (retargeting for new use or application). Total Integration Major changes in the marketplace, media and communications, and in consumers were the key drivers in the development of integrated marketing communications or IMC as a new paradigm for marketing professionals for the 21st century (Schultz and Schultz, 1998). Schultz and Kitchen (2000, p.3) identified four elements that pushed these changes in the practice of marketing: digitalisation, information technology, intellectual property, and communication systems, with the result that consumers have become more fragmented and converged into smaller, more targeted and specialised groups. Levitt (1975, p.10) was amongst the first to note the need for changes in the traditional methods, practices, and ways of thinking prevalent in the era of mass marketing and communications in the 1960s and 1970s, arguing that "management should not see itself as merely producing products but as providing customer-creating value satisfaction and pushing this idea to every nook and cranny of the organisationcontinuously, and with enough flair to excite employees". He warned that if this is not done, the company would have no consolidating sense of purpose or direction. The earliest formal definition of integrated marketing was formulated in 1989 by the American